Old Testament · Patriarchs

Jacob

Who was Jacob?

Jacob, later renamed Israel, was the third patriarch whose twelve sons became the twelve tribes of Israel.

RoleFather of the twelve tribes of Israel
EraPatriarchs
Name meansHe grasps / supplants
New nameIsrael
ParentsIsaac and Rebekah
SonsTwelve, fathers of the tribes

Born grasping his twin Esau’s heel, Jacob lived up to a name meaning “he grasps.” He bought Esau’s birthright and, with his mother’s help, took the blessing — then fled for his life to his uncle Laban.

On the way he saw a stairway to heaven and received God’s promise. He worked fourteen years for his wives Leah and Rachel, grew wealthy, and fathered twelve sons. Returning home, he wrestled through the night with God and was renamed Israel, “he struggles with God.”

Reconciled to Esau and reunited with his lost son Joseph in Egypt, Jacob’s family became the seed of a nation.

Key verses BSB · Public Domain (CC0)
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Original BibleDawn profile. Drafted with AI assistance and reviewed for accuracy. Scripture quoted from the public-domain Berean Standard Bible.